【英文标准名称】:Advancedtechnicalceramics.Monolithicceramics.Mechanicalpropertiesatroomtemperature.Part1:determinationofflexuralstrength.
【原文标准名称】:高技术陶瓷.单片陶瓷.室温下的机械特性.第1部分:抗弯强度的测定
【标准号】:NFB41-206-1995
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:1995-04-01
【实施或试行日期】:1995-04-20
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:Q32
【国际标准分类号】:81_060_30
【页数】:19P;A4
【正文语种】:其他


【英文标准名称】:Evaluationofhumanexposuretoelectromagneticfieldsfromshortrangedevices(SRDs)invariousapplicationsoverthefrequencyrange0GHzto300GHz-Part1:Fieldsproducedbydevicesusedforelectronicarticlesurveillance,radiofrequencyidentifi
【原文标准名称】:人体暴露在频率范围为0GHz～300GHz的各种设备中短程装置(SRDs)产生的电磁场中的评估.第1部分:电子产品监测、无线电频率鉴定和类似系统用装置产生的电磁场
【标准号】:IEC62369-1-2008
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:国际
【发布日期】:2008-08
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:国际电工委员会(IX-IEC)
【起草单位】:IEC/TC106
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:音频设备;电场;电磁场;电子仪器;场强(电);影响;极限(数学);低频;磁场;数学计算;测量;测量技术;医学科学;近场;近场测量值;人;无线电频率;无线电定位;监督(认可)
【英文主题词】:Audioequipment;Definitions;Electricfields;Electricalengineering;Electromagneticfields;Electronicinstruments;Fieldstrength(electric);Influences;Limits(mathematics);Lowfrequencies;Magneticfields;Mathematicalcalculations;Measurement;Measuringtechniques;Medicalsciences;Nearfield;Nearfieldmeasuringvalue;People;RadioFrequencyIdentification;Radiofrequencyidentifications;Radiofrequencies;Radiolocation;RFID;Surveillance(approval)
【摘要】:ThispartofIEC62369presentsproceduresfortheevaluationofhumanexposuretoelectromagneticfields(EMFs)fromdevicesusedinelectronicarticlesurveillance(EAS),radiofrequencyidentification(RFID)andsimilarapplications.Itadoptsastagedapproachtofacilitatecomplianceassessment.Thefirststage(Stage1)isasimplemeasurementagainsttheappropriatederivedreferencevalues.Stage2isamorecomplexseriesofmeasurementsorcalculations,coupledwithanalysistechniques.Stage3requiresdetailedmodellingandanalysisforcomparisonwiththebasicrestrictions.Whenassessinganydevice,themostappropriatemethodfortheexposuresituationmaybeused.AtthetimeofwritingthisInternationalStandard,electronicarticlesurveillance,radiofrequencyidentificationandsimilarsystemsdonotnormallyoperateatfrequenciesbelow1Hzorabove10GHz.EMFexposureguidelinesandstandardscancoverawiderrangeoffrequencies,soclarificationontherequiredrangeisincludedaspartoftheevaluationprocedures.Thedevicescoveredbythisdocumentnormallyhavenon-uniformfieldpatterns.Oftenthesedeviceshaveaveryrapidreductionoffieldstrengthwithdistanceandoperateundernear-fieldconditionswheretherelationshipbetweenelectricandmagneticfieldsisnotconstant.This,togetherwithtypicalexposureconditionsfordifferentdevicetypes,isdetailedinAnnexA.AnnexBcontainscomprehensiveinformationtoassistwithnumericalmodellingoftheexposuresituation.Itincludesbothhomogeneousandanatomicalmodelsaswellastheelectricalpropertiesoftissue.ThisInternationalStandarddoesnotincludelimits.Limitscanbeobtainedfromseparatelypublishedhumanexposureguidelines.Differentguidelinesandlimitvaluesmayapplyindifferentregions.Linkedintotheguidelinesareusuallymethodsforsummationacrosswiderfrequencyrangesandformultipleexposuresources.Theseshallbeused.AsimplifiedmethodforsummationofmultiplesourcesiscontainedinAnnexC.Thishastobeusedwithcareasitissimplisticandwilloverestimatetheexposure;howeveritisusefulasaguide,whentheresultsofdifferentevaluationsareindifferentunitsofmeasurewhicharenotcompatible.Differentcountriesandregionshavedifferentguidelinesforhandlingtheuncertaintiesfromtheevaluation.AnnexDprovidesinformationonthetwomostcommonmethods.AbibliographyattheendofthisstandardprovidesgeneralinformationaswellasusefulIinformationforthemeasurementofelectromagneticfields.See[1],[2],[3],[4],[5],[6]1).Similarnationalorinternationalstandardsmaybeusedasanalternative.
【中国标准分类号】:L06
【国际标准分类号】:17_240;33_050;35_240_60
【页数】:149P;A4
【正文语种】:英语