【英文标准名称】:Lampcontrolgear-Part2-7:Particularrequirementsford.c.suppliedelectronicballastsforemergencylighting(IEC61347-2-7:2006);GermanversionEN61347-2-7:2006,CorrigendumtoDINEN61347-2-7(VDE0712-37):2007-06;GermanversionCENELEC-Cor.:20
【原文标准名称】:灯的控制开关.第2-7部分:应急照明用d.c.供电电子镇流器的特殊要求(IEC61347-2-7-2006);德文版本EN61347-2-7-2006,DINEN61347-2-7(VDE0712-37)-2007-06的核准本;德文版本CENELEC-Cor.-2
【标准号】:DINEN61347-2-7Berichtigung1-2011
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:2011-04
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DE-DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Ballasts;Connections;Design;Determination;Dielectricstrength;Directcurrent;Durability;Earthconductors;Electriclamps;Electricpowersystems;Electricterminals;Electricalappliances;Electricalengineering;Electricalsafety;Emergencylighting;Emergencylights;Equipmentsafety;Illuminationengineering;Inscription;Instruments;Insulations;Lamps;Marking;Operatingcurrent;Protectionagainstelectricshocks;Safetyrequirements;Specification(approval);Testing
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:K74
【国际标准分类号】:29_140_99
【页数】:2P;A4
【正文语种】:德语


【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforDeterminationofWeight-AverageMolecularWeightofPolymersByLightScattering
【原文标准名称】:用低扩散法测定聚合物分子量和平均分子量的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD4001-1993(2006)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:1993
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D20.70
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:高聚物;塑料;测定;工艺;分子量
【英文主题词】:lightscattering;polymers;weight-averagemolecularweight
【摘要】:Theweight-averagemolecularweightisafundamentalstructureparameterofpolymers,whichisrelatedtomanyphysicalpropertiesofthebulkmaterial,suchasitsrheologicalbehavior.Inaddition,knowledgeoftheweight-averagemolecularweight,togetherwithknowledgeofthenumber-averagemolecularweightfromosmometry,providesausefulmeasureofthebreadthofthemolecular-weightdistribution.Otherimportantusesofinformationontheweight-averagemolecularweightarecorrelationwithdilute-solutionormelt-viscositymeasurementsandcalibrationofmolecular-weightstandardsforuseinliquid-exclusion(gel-permeation)chromatography.Totheextentthatthelight-scatteringphotometerisappropriatelycalibrated,lightscatteringisanabsolutemethodandmaythereforebeappliedtononionichomopolymersthathavenotpreviouslybeensynthesizedorstudied.1.1Thistestmethoddescribesthetestproceduresfordeterminingtheweight-averagemolecularweightMwofpolymersbylightscattering.Itisapplicabletoallnonionichomopolymers(linearorbranched)thatdissolvecompletelywithoutreactionordegradationtoformstablesolutions.Copolymersandpolyelectrolytesarenotwithinitsscope.Theprocedurealsoallowsthedeterminationofthesecondvirialcoefficient,A2,whichisameasureofpolymer-solventinteractions,andtheroot-mean-squareradiusofgyration(s2)1/2,whichisameasureofthedimensionsofthepolymerchain.1.2Themolecular-weightrangeforlightscatteringis,tosomeextent,determinedbythesizeofthedissolvedpolymermoleculesandtherefractiveindicesofsolventandpolymer.Arangefrequentlystatedis10,000to10,000,000,butthismaybeextendedineitherdirectionwithsuitablesystemsandbytheuseofspecialtechniques.1.2.1Thelowerlimittomolecularweightresultsfromlowlevelsofexcesssolutionscatteringoverthatofthesolvent.Thegreaterthespecificrefractiveincrementdn/dc(differenceinrefractiveindicesofsolutionandsolventperunitconcentration),thegreaterthelevelofsolutionscatteringandthelowerthemolecularweightthatcanbedeterminedwithagivenprecision.1.2.2Theupperlimittomolecularweightresultsfromtheangulardependenceofthesolutionscattering,whichisdeterminedbythemolecularsize.Forsufficientlylargemolecules,measurementsmustbemadeatsmallscatteringangles,whichareultimatelyoutsidetherangeofthephotometerused.1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.TherearenosimilarorequivalentISOstandards.
【中国标准分类号】:G31
【国际标准分类号】:83_080_01
【页数】:12P.;A4
【正文语种】: